Conjuctions by bo$ki
CONJUNCTIONS
What are Conjunctions ?
Read the following sentences
carefully :
1. Three
and three makes six.
2. He
is very rich but he is not happy.
3. I
read the paper because it interests me.
In sentence 1 , word “and” joins
two words .
In sentence 2, word ‘’ but’’ joins
two clauses.
In sentence 3, word ‘’because’’
joins one dependent clause to the main clause .
Here the words
– and , but and because play the role of linkers or connectors , which
help to link words , phrases and clauses together.
Definition : ‘’A Conjunction is a
word which merely joins words , phrases and clauses together ‘’.
They are also known as Linkers,
Connectors or joining words. Basically Conjunctions helps us to avoid the usage
of multiple short sentences to express a complex idea .
For example - I like drawing . I like painting . I don’t
like painting on walls .
The above given series of sentences could be shorten up by
using appropriate conjunctions .
Like – I like drawing and
painting , but I don’t like painting walls.
Kinds of Conjunction
11. Coordinating conjunctions
. 2. Correlative conjunctions
. 2. Correlative conjunctions
33. Subordinate conjunction
1. Coordinating conjunctions
:
Words which help to join two independent clauses or sentences of equal rank are called coordinating
c conjunctions.
Coordinating conjunctions are further divided into four types :
Rakhi is beautiful as well as kind.
Akbar was both a king and social reformer
b. Adversative : Which express contrast between two statements
F for eg :
He is slow , but he is honest .
I I was annoyed , still I kept quiet .
Words which help to join two independent clauses or sentences of equal rank are called coordinating
c conjunctions.
Coordinating conjunctions are further divided into four types :
a a.
Cumulative :
Which merely add one statement to another .
F for eg : Rakhi is beautiful as well as kind.
Akbar was both a king and social reformer
b. Adversative : Which express contrast between two statements
F for eg :
He is slow , but he is honest .
I I was annoyed , still I kept quiet .
c.
Alternative : Which express
a choice between two alternatives
.
for eg :She must work hard ,or she will fail .
Either she will do , or she will die .
d. Illative : Which express the conclusion drawn by logical judgement .
For eg :
All precautions must be taken ,
for Dengue has widely spread .
S Someone is on the door , for I heard a
knock.
Chief coordinating conjunctions are : for,
and, nor, but, or, yet and so .
You can remember them by using mnemonic
device FANBOYS
·
Any of the coordinating conjunctions , with the
exception of ,or ,nor may be omitted and its place taken by comma , semi colon
, or colon .
·
Use comma when a coordinating conjunction joins
two independent clauses.
2. Correlative conjunctions
Conjunctions which are used in pairs are called correlative
conjunctions .
For eg :
either /or
either /or
neither / nor
Though /yet
Both /and
Not only/ but also
Whether /or
· Conjunctions when used as correlatives must be placed immediately before the word to be connected .For eg
· Not only he is foolish ,but also obstinate. .
· I shall go , whether you come or not .
· We both love and respect him .
· Conjunctions when used as correlatives must be placed immediately before the word to be connected .For eg
· Not only he is foolish ,but also obstinate. .
· I shall go , whether you come or not .
· We both love and respect him .
3. Subordinate conjunctions :
A subordinate conjunction helps to join a
dependent clause to an independent one .
The chief subordinating conjunctions are : after , before
, though . although , till , unless, if , because , that , as, when , where ,
while .
Few examples :
1. He ran away because he was afraid .
2. You will pass if you work hard .
3. Since you say so , I must believe it .
1. He ran away because he was afraid .
2. You will pass if you work hard .
3. Since you say so , I must believe it .
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with coordinating
and correlative conjunctions :
Remember FANBOYS [for, and , nor, but, or , yet , so]
Two __ two makes four.
2.
He is slow ___ hardworking .
3.
Bread ___ milk is a wholesome food.
4.
Is that story true ___ false ?
5.
The purse has been lost ___ stolen ?
6.
Sunil was looking for his pen _____ could not
find it .
7.
He well deserve this award , ____ he has worked
hard.
8.
It is ____ useful ___ ornamental.
9.
______ he is foolish , ______ obstinate .
1.
I do not care _____ you go ___ stay.
EXERCISE 2
Find out the conjunction in the following sentences and state whether it is coordinating , correlative or subordinating conjunction :
1.
Shrey is tall , but Manya is taller .
2.
He is kind and humble .
3.
He is
richer than me .
4.
Do not go before I leave .
5.
I waited till the train arrived .
6.
Catch me if you can .
7.
You will be late unless you hurry.
8.
We eat so that we may live .
9.
You will pass if you work hard .
1.
I read news paper because it interests me .
Exercise 3
Join each pair of the following sentences by means of a suitable conjunction . Make changes if required .
1.
My brother is well . My sister is ill.
2.
He did not succeed . He worked hard .
3.
He is poor. He is contented.
4.
I honour him . He is a brave man .
5.
He sat down . He was tired.
6.
He finished first. He began late.
7.
My grand father died. I was born
8.
I believe him . He is honest .
9.
He is rich . He is not happy .
1.
He is not a knave . He is not foolish .
EXERCISE 4
Fill in the suitable subordinate conjunction :
Do not go _____ I return
She has been ill ____ she arrived in Mumbai .
3.
He worked hard ___ that he may pass.
4.
Suresh looks _____ he were a king .
5.
____ it is already late ,____ let us go to bed.
6.
____ you sow, ___ shall you reap .
7.
You cannot enter the hall ____ you show the
ticket .
8.
Cotton is more useful _____ silk .
9. They left the room ____ the clock struck one.
1.
He is rich ____ ,he is not happy.
EXERCISE 5
Choose the most suitable option :
11. The shops were closed , ____ I could not
buy a book .
aa. but
bb.
And
cc.
Because
dd.
So
2.2 Why is he dressed ___ a woman ?
aa. As
bb. It
cc. Before
dd . After
aa. As
bb. It
cc. Before
dd . After
3.3 Run fast
___ you will miss the school van .
aa.
But
bb . Or
cc . And
d.d
For
4.4 The teacher was angry ___ the children were
making noise .
aa.
And
b.b
But
c.c
Or
d.d
Because
55.
Holi is the festival of colour ___ fun.
a.a
And
b.b
But
c.c
Or
d.d
So
6.6
Dhoni hit very hard ___ it was not a six!
aa. But
b.b
Or
c.c
And
d.d
So
7.7
We went to Goa by air , ____ it saved a lot of
time .
a.a
If
bb
So
c.c
But
d.d
Then
8.8
Always lock your door ____ you leave .
a.a
After
b.b
Before
c.c
Then
d.d
Yet
9.9
Hardy is fat ____ Laurel is thin .
a.a
And
bb.
But
c.c
So
d.d
Or
110. Charley ___ his sister sang together.
a.a
And
b.b
But
c.c Or
dd. for
d
dd. for
d
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