PREPOSITION
PREPOSITION
Read the following sentences carefully :
1. There are four eggs in the nest .
2. He is fond of tea.
3. Karan fell into the pool.
In sentence 1 , the word in shows the relationship between two things like eggs and nest.
In sentence 2 , the word of shows the relationship between the attribute expressed by the adjective fond and tea.
In sentence 3 , the word into shows the relationship between the action expressed by the verb fell and the pool.
The words in , of , into are here used as Preposition .
Definition : A Preposition is a word usually preceded by a noun or pronoun to show the relationship between the person or a thing .
Preposition means pre - position ....A word that is placed prior to noun or pronoun. Preposition joins a noun to another noun , a noun to an adjective and even a noun to a verb.
KINDS OF PREPOSITION
1. Simple preposition : like : At , by , for, from, in , of, off, on, out ,through, till ,to ,up,with
beneath , beside , between ,beyond , before ,below , behind, about , above , across , along , among, around etc.
for eg :
Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall.
The train is going through a tunnel.
There is a herd of cows in the field .
The plane will take off at 4.30am .
Raj is going up the stairs
2. Compound preposition : Compound prepositions are nothing but the use of two preposition together to do the work of one ,unlike double preposition, compound preposition are not joined and turned into one word .
like : according to , ahead off , apart from ,close to , far from, near to ,thanks to ,aside from, because of ,next to etc .
for eg :
According to the rule book , five players are allowed in this game .
He was always two steps ahead of his class mates .
Apart from the glares , Sonia shopped for some shoes too.
She was never close to her parents .
The mother pulled her child aside from the pool.
3. Phrasal preposition : Phrasal preposition are a group of verbs , adverbs and other words that function as a preposition
like : as far as , as long as , as soon as ,for the sake of , in front of , with reference to, in spite of, with regard to , on account of etc.
some eg :
He walked as far as he could .
With reference to your letter of resignation , we regret we cannot accept it .
In course of time he saw his mistake.
He died fighting on behalf of his country.
On account of the processions, the mayor declared the holiday.
4.Participial preposition : A participial preposition is a participle [ en , ed , ing ] that functions as preposition .These are the participles which take noun or pronoun as a object , being attached to them and for all practical purposes they have become Prepositions ,and are distinguished as participial preposition .
like : concerning , considering , during , pending , regarding , respecting ,given , provided, respected etc.
for eg :
Considering the quality , the price is not high .
Regarding your application , we regret to accept your leave .
She is always curious about anything concerning her.
5. Double preposition : The double preposition is a preposition that is made by combining two simple prepositions as a whole new one
like : inside , onto, outside , within,without,upon, throughout etc
for eg : Once upon a time ,there was a thirsty crow.
She always climbs onto the table.
As she stepped into the door ,there was pin drop silence .
* Since : it is used for starting point of time
for eg :
Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall.
The train is going through a tunnel.
There is a herd of cows in the field .
The plane will take off at 4.30am .
Raj is going up the stairs
2. Compound preposition : Compound prepositions are nothing but the use of two preposition together to do the work of one ,unlike double preposition, compound preposition are not joined and turned into one word .
like : according to , ahead off , apart from ,close to , far from, near to ,thanks to ,aside from, because of ,next to etc .
for eg :
According to the rule book , five players are allowed in this game .
He was always two steps ahead of his class mates .
Apart from the glares , Sonia shopped for some shoes too.
She was never close to her parents .
The mother pulled her child aside from the pool.
3. Phrasal preposition : Phrasal preposition are a group of verbs , adverbs and other words that function as a preposition
like : as far as , as long as , as soon as ,for the sake of , in front of , with reference to, in spite of, with regard to , on account of etc.
some eg :
He walked as far as he could .
With reference to your letter of resignation , we regret we cannot accept it .
In course of time he saw his mistake.
He died fighting on behalf of his country.
On account of the processions, the mayor declared the holiday.
4.Participial preposition : A participial preposition is a participle [ en , ed , ing ] that functions as preposition .These are the participles which take noun or pronoun as a object , being attached to them and for all practical purposes they have become Prepositions ,and are distinguished as participial preposition .
like : concerning , considering , during , pending , regarding , respecting ,given , provided, respected etc.
for eg :
Considering the quality , the price is not high .
Regarding your application , we regret to accept your leave .
She is always curious about anything concerning her.
5. Double preposition : The double preposition is a preposition that is made by combining two simple prepositions as a whole new one
like : inside , onto, outside , within,without,upon, throughout etc
for eg : Once upon a time ,there was a thirsty crow.
She always climbs onto the table.
As she stepped into the door ,there was pin drop silence .
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SOME OF THE IMPORTANT PREPOSITIONS AND THEIR USAGE
1. Preposition of time : [ in / on / at / till /since /for /from ]
In :
* months or years
for eg : in March , in 2005
* particular time of day or month or year
for eg : in the evening , in 3rd week of month, in winters etc.
* specific time in past or future :
for eg : in early days , in 21st century ,in future etc.
On :
* name of week days / particular days
for eg : on Sundays , on Independence day, on my birthday etc
* dates :
for eg : on 15th of February, on March 2nd etc
At :
* Time of a clock :
for eg : at 4o'clock , at 5.30 pm etc
* short and precise times;
for eg : at night , at noon ,at the moment etc.
* Since : it is used for starting point of time
for eg : I have been here since 6'0clock.
* For : it is used for period of time
for eg : I attended the yoga classes for complete one year .
* For : it is used for period of time
for eg : I attended the yoga classes for complete one year .
Examples:
The party will start at 8 PM.
This year I am going to throw a lavish party on my birthday.
She was born in 1979.
Everyone takes breakfast in the morning.
He slept till 8'0clock.
2. Preposition of place : [ in /on /at / to]
* ''in'' is mostly used for a place having some sort of [ physical or virtual boundary ]
* ''on'' is usually used for a surface
* ''at'' is usually used for a specific place
In : nature of places :
in a hall , in a school , in the box , in the car , in the library , in India , in a room etc
On : surface of place
on the table , on the blackboard, on the page , on a wall , on a roof etc .
At : specific places :
at bus stop , at the entrance , at the bottom of glass , at the edge of roof , at the party , at the meeting etc .
Examples :
They lived in India .
I met him at the bus stop .
He was running on the road .
He walked to the end of the street.
3. Preposition for direction/ movement : These prepositions express the direction of something
like : into , towards , to , through etc .
To - indicates movement with the aim of a specific destination, sometimes even specific position .
Towards - indicates movement in a particular direction .
Into - indicates the movement from the outside to the inside of a three dimensional space .
Through - indicates the movement within a space , movement across an entire space from one side of something to another .
Examples :
They are going to classroom .
The snake was coming toward me .
He dived into the pool .
The canal flows through the city centre .
4. Preposition for Agent / instrument : These preposition express a casual relationship between a doer of the action and action itself .
for eg : by ,with
Examples :
The task was completed by him.
This brilliant piece of article was written by Rabindra Nath Tagore.
He killed two birds with one shot.
He opened the car with the key .
She went to home by car.
5 . Preposition of possession : It is used to show belonging , possession , or origin ''of''
for eg :
A friend of mine is expert in mathematics.
The employees of this company work hard .
I hear the bark of a puppy.
6. Preposition of position : [ over / across/ along ]
Over :
functions as a preposition expressing position , it has the similar meaning to the preposition ''above'', however it express the position in relation to two dimensional surface ,or the position on the opposite side of a ''line ''.
for eg :
There was a mirror over the sink .
A white table cloth was spread over the table .
The hotel is over the bridge .
Across :
It is sometimes used to express position in relation to something which stretches from one side of a place to another . It is also used to show when something is positioned on the opposite side
of a place in relation to speaker .
for eg ;
There was a barrier across the road.
The bank is across the street .
Along :
The preposition along is used to show movement following a line . It is also used to show a specific position in relation to a line , or to show when a group of things are positioned in a line next to something .
for eg :
We followed along the river.
There were plenty of hotels along the riverfront.
I followed Mr. Ashok along the corridor .
1. Mother was angry [ with / beside ] me .
2. Rahul jumped [ into/ onto ] the pool.
3. The box is full [ to / of ] sweets .
4. We buy apples [ behind / from ] the grocer.
5. Let us wait [ for /of ] the Sun rise.
6. The cat hid [ on / under ] the table .
7. The girl is sitting [in /on ] the horse .
8. The Hardy Boys series is written [of/by] Franklin W. Dixon .
9. The birds flew out [ of / by] the cage .
10. Mr .Sood is going [in /to] the market.
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1. The dog ran ____ the road .
2. The river flows _____ the bridge .
3. Did they blame you ____ this mess?
4. The mouse hid _____the drum
5. The clock is _____ the cupboard .
6. The suitcase belongs to you is ____ the closet .
7. He married her ____ money.
8. I am proud ___ my mother .
9. Do not cry ____ spilt milk.
10. They drove _____Mumbai ____ Goa .
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1. He ran ______ the thief.
2. Keep your head ____ the water .
3. See me _____ the period gets over .
4. My house is _____ the road .
5. Lily sat _____ Rohan .
6. The old man prayed ___ God .
7. The dustbin is _____ the table .
8. My teacher agrees ___ me on this point .
9. One ____ my friend is expert in English .
10. Mr. Kimti is always kind ___ poor.
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1. He slept ____ 8'0 clock.
2. The child has been missing ____ yesterday.
3. Come and sit ___ me
4. Mumbai is famous ____ its textiles.
5. Jawaharlal Nehru was fond ___ children .
6. There is still no cure _____ Swine flu.
7.Few things are impossible ___ diligence and skill.
8. He goes to the office ___ foot.
9. We travelled ___ train .
10. The dog is lying ___ the floor.
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CLICK FOR ANSWER KEY
He walked to the end of the street.
3. Preposition for direction/ movement : These prepositions express the direction of something
like : into , towards , to , through etc .
To - indicates movement with the aim of a specific destination, sometimes even specific position .
Towards - indicates movement in a particular direction .
Into - indicates the movement from the outside to the inside of a three dimensional space .
Through - indicates the movement within a space , movement across an entire space from one side of something to another .
Examples :
They are going to classroom .
The snake was coming toward me .
He dived into the pool .
The canal flows through the city centre .
4. Preposition for Agent / instrument : These preposition express a casual relationship between a doer of the action and action itself .
for eg : by ,with
Examples :
The task was completed by him.
This brilliant piece of article was written by Rabindra Nath Tagore.
He killed two birds with one shot.
He opened the car with the key .
She went to home by car.
5 . Preposition of possession : It is used to show belonging , possession , or origin ''of''
for eg :
A friend of mine is expert in mathematics.
The employees of this company work hard .
I hear the bark of a puppy.
6. Preposition of position : [ over / across/ along ]
Over :
functions as a preposition expressing position , it has the similar meaning to the preposition ''above'', however it express the position in relation to two dimensional surface ,or the position on the opposite side of a ''line ''.
for eg :
There was a mirror over the sink .
A white table cloth was spread over the table .
The hotel is over the bridge .
Across :
It is sometimes used to express position in relation to something which stretches from one side of a place to another . It is also used to show when something is positioned on the opposite side
of a place in relation to speaker .
for eg ;
There was a barrier across the road.
The bank is across the street .
Along :
The preposition along is used to show movement following a line . It is also used to show a specific position in relation to a line , or to show when a group of things are positioned in a line next to something .
for eg :
We followed along the river.
There were plenty of hotels along the riverfront.
I followed Mr. Ashok along the corridor .
WORKSHEET ON PREPOSITION
EXERCISE 1
Tick the correct option :1. Mother was angry [ with / beside ] me .
2. Rahul jumped [ into/ onto ] the pool.
3. The box is full [ to / of ] sweets .
4. We buy apples [ behind / from ] the grocer.
5. Let us wait [ for /of ] the Sun rise.
6. The cat hid [ on / under ] the table .
7. The girl is sitting [in /on ] the horse .
8. The Hardy Boys series is written [of/by] Franklin W. Dixon .
9. The birds flew out [ of / by] the cage .
10. Mr .Sood is going [in /to] the market.
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EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blank with suitable Preposition :1. The dog ran ____ the road .
2. The river flows _____ the bridge .
3. Did they blame you ____ this mess?
4. The mouse hid _____the drum
5. The clock is _____ the cupboard .
6. The suitcase belongs to you is ____ the closet .
7. He married her ____ money.
8. I am proud ___ my mother .
9. Do not cry ____ spilt milk.
10. They drove _____Mumbai ____ Goa .
_________________________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE 3
Fill in the blanks with suitable Preposition :1. He ran ______ the thief.
2. Keep your head ____ the water .
3. See me _____ the period gets over .
4. My house is _____ the road .
5. Lily sat _____ Rohan .
6. The old man prayed ___ God .
7. The dustbin is _____ the table .
8. My teacher agrees ___ me on this point .
9. One ____ my friend is expert in English .
10. Mr. Kimti is always kind ___ poor.
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EXERCISE 4
Fill in the blanks with suitable Preposition :
1. He is afraid ___ the dog .
2. I am fond ____ music .
3. He died ____ his country .
4. He broke a jug ____ hundred pieces.
5. He spoke ____ me ___ English .
6. They live _____ the same roof .
7. It has been raining _____ yesterday.
8. It is 9'0clock ___ my watch.
9. I bought it ___ seventy rupees.
10. I have known him ____ a long time .
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EXERCISE 5
Fill in the blank with suitable Preposition :1. He slept ____ 8'0 clock.
2. The child has been missing ____ yesterday.
3. Come and sit ___ me
4. Mumbai is famous ____ its textiles.
5. Jawaharlal Nehru was fond ___ children .
6. There is still no cure _____ Swine flu.
7.Few things are impossible ___ diligence and skill.
8. He goes to the office ___ foot.
9. We travelled ___ train .
10. The dog is lying ___ the floor.
_________________________________________________________________________________
CLICK FOR ANSWER KEY
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